{"version":"1.0","provider_name":"\u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u56fd\u969b\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u7814\u7a76\u79d1 \u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u56fd\u969b\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u5b66\u79d1 | OSIPP\uff08Osaka School of International Public Policy\uff09","provider_url":"https:\/\/www.osipp.osaka-u.ac.jp\/ja\/","author_name":"Library","author_url":"https:\/\/www.osipp.osaka-u.ac.jp\/ja\/news\/author\/library\/","title":"2026\u5e744\u6708\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u696d\u7e3e - \u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u56fd\u969b\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u7814\u7a76\u79d1 \u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u56fd\u969b\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u5b66\u79d1 | OSIPP\uff08Osaka School of International Public Policy\uff09","type":"rich","width":600,"height":338,"html":"<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"KFb3UgeSwd\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.osipp.osaka-u.ac.jp\/ja\/news\/20260512\/\">2026\u5e744\u6708\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u696d\u7e3e<\/a><\/blockquote><iframe sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" src=\"https:\/\/www.osipp.osaka-u.ac.jp\/ja\/news\/20260512\/embed\/#?secret=KFb3UgeSwd\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" title=\"&#8220;2026\u5e744\u6708\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u696d\u7e3e&#8221; &#8212; \u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u5927\u5b66\u9662\u56fd\u969b\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u7814\u7a76\u79d1 \u5927\u962a\u5927\u5b66\u6cd5\u5b66\u90e8\u56fd\u969b\u516c\u5171\u653f\u7b56\u5b66\u79d1 | OSIPP\uff08Osaka School of International Public Policy\uff09\" data-secret=\"KFb3UgeSwd\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\"><\/iframe><script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n\/* <![CDATA[ *\/\n\/*! This file is auto-generated *\/\n!function(d,l){\"use strict\";l.querySelector&&d.addEventListener&&\"undefined\"!=typeof URL&&(d.wp=d.wp||{},d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage||(d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage=function(e){var t=e.data;if((t||t.secret||t.message||t.value)&&!\/[^a-zA-Z0-9]\/.test(t.secret)){for(var s,r,n,a=l.querySelectorAll('iframe[data-secret=\"'+t.secret+'\"]'),o=l.querySelectorAll('blockquote[data-secret=\"'+t.secret+'\"]'),c=new RegExp(\"^https?:$\",\"i\"),i=0;i<o.length;i++)o[i].style.display=\"none\";for(i=0;i<a.length;i++)s=a[i],e.source===s.contentWindow&&(s.removeAttribute(\"style\"),\"height\"===t.message?(1e3<(r=parseInt(t.value,10))?r=1e3:~~r<200&&(r=200),s.height=r):\"link\"===t.message&&(r=new URL(s.getAttribute(\"src\")),n=new URL(t.value),c.test(n.protocol))&&n.host===r.host&&l.activeElement===s&&(d.top.location.href=t.value))}},d.addEventListener(\"message\",d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage,!1),l.addEventListener(\"DOMContentLoaded\",function(){for(var e,t,s=l.querySelectorAll(\"iframe.wp-embedded-content\"),r=0;r<s.length;r++)(t=(e=s[r]).getAttribute(\"data-secret\"))||(t=Math.random().toString(36).substring(2,12),e.src+=\"#?secret=\"+t,e.setAttribute(\"data-secret\",t)),e.contentWindow.postMessage({message:\"ready\",secret:t},\"*\")},!1)))}(window,document);\n\/\/# sourceURL=https:\/\/www.osipp.osaka-u.ac.jp\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-embed.min.js\n\/* ]]> *\/\n<\/script>\n","thumbnail_url":"https:\/\/www.osipp.osaka-u.ac.jp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Achievement-2.jpg","thumbnail_width":2000,"thumbnail_height":1000,"description":"OSIPP\u57fa\u5e79\u8b1b\u5ea7\u6559\u54e1\u304b\u3089\u5831\u544a\u304c\u3042\u3063\u305f\u7814\u7a76\u696d\u7e3e\u3092\u3054\u7d39\u4ecb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002 \u30fb\u5ddd\u7aaa\u60a6\u7ae0 \u5148\u751f\u3000\u30fb\u677e\u5cf6\u6cd5\u660e \u5148\u751f\u3000\u30fb\u9ad9\u7530\u967d\u5948\u5b50 \u5148\u751f\u3000\u30fb\u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u90a6\u5f66 \u5148\u751f\u30fb\u4e8c\u6749\u5065\u6597 \u5148\u751f\u3000\u30fb\u8d64\u4e95\u4f38\u90ce\u5148\u751f\u30fb\u91ce\u6d25\u6210\u5e0c\u5148\u751f Takafumi Kawakubo\uff08\u8ad6\u6587\uff09Takafumi Kawakubo (2026)\u201cComment on\u2018Trade and FDI Policies in an Interdependent World: Lessons From East Asia\u2019.\u201dAsian Economic Policy Review 1-2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/aepr.70025 (\u67fb\u8aad\u6709)Noriaki Matsushima\uff08\u8ad6\u6587\uff09Hiroshi Kitamura, Noriaki Matsushima, Misato Sato (2026)\u201cLease or sale: When a durable goods monopolist can choose supply chain openness\u201d Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Volume 211, 104882. (\u67fb\u8aad\u6709) https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tre.2026.104882Abstract: We construct a two-period model of supply chain openness in a durable goods market with two marketing modes: leasing and selling. For a given marketing mode, at the beginning of the first period, an incumbent supplier and the downstream monopolist choose one of two trading modes: (i) a two-period exclusive supply chain, or (ii) an open supply chain, allowing the downstream monopolist to trade with an efficient supplier in the second period. We show that in the selling mode, the exclusive supply chain can arise if the incumbent supplier is highly efficient. In contrast, under the leasing mode, the exclusive supply chain never arises; instead, the open supply chain is always selected. Furthermore, when the downstream monopolist is allowed to endogenously choose the marketing mode before the first period, it opts for the selling mode if the incumbent supplier is relatively inefficient; otherwise, it selects the leasing mode. Regardless of the chosen marketing mode, the open supply chain always arises on the equilibrium path, implying that the recent advancement of ICT to enhance leasing may discourage the adoption of exclusive supply chains.Hinako Takata\uff08\u8ad6\u6587\uff09Hinako Takata,\u201cNational Human Rights Institutions\u2019Role in the Realisation of the European Convention on Human Rights: Towards Continuous and Seamless Engagement in All Phases of Realisation,\u201d The International Journal of Human Rights (2026) 1-26, https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13642987.2026.2637895\uff08\u67fb\u8aad\u6709\uff09Abstract: How can national human rights institutions (NHRIs) contribute to the realisation of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) in a manner that harmoniously achieves its effectiveness and democratic legitimacy? While previous studies treated NHRIs\u2019 contributions to different phases of this realisation separately, this study examines the combined effect of their continuous and seamless engagement in all the four realisation phases under the framework of \u2018two-tiered bounded deliberative democracy\u2019. The realisation phases unfold as follows: (1) interpreting and applying the ECHR through \u2018bounded\u2019 deliberations at the national level; (2) supplementing national deliberations and identifying \u2018bounds\u2019 by the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR); (3) implementing ECtHR judgments through \u2018bounded\u2019 deliberations at the national level; and (4) supervising the execution of ECtHR judgments by the Committee of Ministers to promote implementation through \u2018bounded\u2019 deliberations. Moreover, while previous studies have not clearly distinguished between NHRIs and non-governmental organisations, and between A-status NHRIs and other NHRIs in terms of their roles in the ECHR system, the present study highlights the unique contributions of A-status NHRIs. Through these analyses, this study proposes how the procedures and practices of the ECtHR and the Committee of Ministers could be reformed to take advantage of NHRIs\u2019contributions.\u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u90a6\u5f66\uff08\u8ad6\u6587\uff09\u5927\u4e45\u4fdd\u90a6\u5f66\u300c\u751f\u6210\u6587\u6cd5\u3068\u6cd5\u89e3\u91c8\u5b66\u300d\u300e\u962a\u5927\u6cd5\u5b66\u300f75\u5dfb6\u53f7\uff082026\u5e74\uff0925-77\u9801\u3002https:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/11094\/104341\u8981\u65e8\uff1a\u30ea\u30a2\u30ea\u30ba\u30e0\u6cd5\u5b66\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u88c1\u5224\u5b98\u306e\u591a\u304f\u306f\u3001\u81ea\u3089\u304c\u671b\u307e\u3057\u3044\u3068\u8003\u3048\u308b\u7d50\u8ad6\u306b\u5230\u9054\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u3067\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u6b63\u5f53\u5316\u3059\u308b\u4e09\u6bb5\u8ad6\u6cd5\u3092\u8003\u6848\u3059\u308b\u50be\u5411\u306b\u3042\u308b\u3002\u62d9\u7a3f\u300c\u5229\u76ca\u8861\u91cf\u8ad6\uff08\u5229\u76ca\u8003\u91cf\u8ad6\uff09\u306e\u518d\u8a55\u4fa1\u300d\u962a\u5927\u6cd5\u5b6672\u5dfb2\u53f7\u30142022\u3015626\u9801\u4ee5\u4e0b\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7d50\u8ad6\u3092\u767a\u898b\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u6cd5\u539f\u7406\u304c\u4f5c\u7528\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3057\u305f\u3002\u8a8d\u77e5\u795e\u7d4c\u79d1\u5b66\u8005\u306e\u30ac\u30b6\u30cb\u30ac\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u3001\u300c\u305f\u3044\u3066\u3044\u306e\u9053\u5fb3\u7684\u5224\u65ad\u306f\u76f4\u89b3\u7684\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u3042\u308b\u7a2e\u306e\u502b\u7406\u304c\u3001\u4eba\u9593\u306e\u8133\u306b\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u300d\u3002\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u6cd5\u539f\u7406\u306e\u5c11\u306a\u304f\u3068\u3082\u4e00\u90e8\u3082\u3001\u8133\u306b\u7d44\u307f\u8fbc\u307e\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u6cd5\u89e3\u91c8\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6cd5\u539f\u7406\u3092\u63a2\u7a76\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u76e4\u306e\u63a2\u7a76\u304c\u7814\u7a76\u30c6\u30fc\u30de\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3046\u308b\u3002\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u6cd5\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3092\u63f4\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u306f\u3001\u62b5\u6297\u304c\u4e88\u60f3\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002\u305d\u3053\u3067\u672c\u7a3f\u3067\u306f\u3001\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u306f\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u306e\u4e00\u90e8\u3092\u6210\u3059\u3068\u4e3b\u5f35\u3059\u308b\u30c1\u30e7\u30e0\u30b9\u30ad\u30fc\u306e\u751f\u6210\u6587\u6cd5\u7406\u8ad6\u3092\u691c\u8a0e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u901a\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6cd5\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u3092\u63f4\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u62b5\u6297\u611f\u3092\u5f31\u3081\u308b\u3068\u3068\u3082\u306b\u3001\u6cd5\u539f\u7406\u306e\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u7684\u57fa\u76e4\u306e\u63a2\u7a76\u306f\u3001\u6cd5\u5b66\u3092\u79d1\u5b66\u306b\u8fd1\u3065\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306b\u5bc4\u4e0e\u3057\u3046\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3002\u4e8c\u6749\u5065\u6597\uff08\u5224\u4f8b\u8a55\u91c8\uff09Kento Nisugi,\u201cSmurfit v Venezuela: Assessing ICSID\u2019s Post-Denunciation Jurisdiction under Article 72 of the ICSID Convention,\u201d ICSID Review, siaf028 (31 March 2026)\uff08\u67fb\u8aad\u6709\uff09https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/icsidreview\/siaf028\u6982\u8981\uff1a\u65e5\u672c\u8a9e\u3067\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u8a55\u91c8\uff08JCA\u30b8\u30e3\u30fc\u30ca\u30eb72\u5dfb3\u53f7\uff082025\u5e74\uff0930-36\u9801\uff09\u3092\u6539\u7a3f\u3057\u82f1\u8a9e\u5316\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3002Abstract: This case comment examines the ICSID tribunal\u2019s controversial decision in Smurfit Holdings BV v Venezuela, which upheld jurisdiction over claims filed more than six years after Venezuela\u2019s denunciation of the ICSID Convention. It argues that simply focusing on the familiar debate over whether Article 72 preserves only mutual consent or also preserves a unilateral offer to arbitrate is incomplete, leaving the separate key question unanswered: Does such unilateral consent generate \u201crights or obligations under this Convention\u201d to be preserved under the Article? This comment criticizes the Smurfit majority's reasoning for failing to offer a solid and convincing interpretation on this issue. The comment shows the points which future tribunals would need to clarify if they wish to adopt the Smurfit approach.\u8d64\u4e95\u4f38\u90ce\uff08\u305d\u306e\u4ed6\u306e\u8a18\u4e8b\uff09\u8d64\u4e95\u4f38\u90ce\u300c\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u8001\u673d\u5316\u3001\u9759\u304b\u306b\u8feb\u308b\u9650\u754c\u300d\u300e\u5341\u5b57\u8def\u300f\u65e5\u672c\u7d4c\u6e08\u65b0\u805e\uff082026\u5e744\u67089\u65e5\u4ed8\uff09\u8981\u65e8\uff1a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7d4c\u6e08\u6210\u9577\u671f\u306b\u6574\u5099\u3055\u308c\u305f\u516c\u5171\u65bd\u8a2d\u3092\u542b\u3080\u793e\u4f1a\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u304c\u60b2\u9cf4\u3092\u4e0a\u3052\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u56fd\u3084\u5730\u65b9\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u306f\u3001\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u306e\u8001\u673d\u5316\u5bfe\u7b56\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u9577\u5bff\u547d\u5316\u8a08\u753b\u3092\u7acb\u3066\u3066\u53d6\u308a\u7d44\u3093\u3067\u3044\u308b\u300216\u5e74\u304b\u308923\u5e74\u307e\u3067\u306e\u90fd\u9053\u5e9c\u770c\u304c\u4fdd\u6709\u3059\u308b\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u8cc7\u7523\uff08\u5730\u65b9\u516c\u55b6\u4f01\u696d\u306e\u8cc7\u7523\u306f\u9664\u304f\uff09\u306e\u72b6\u6cc1\u3092\u898b\u308b\u3068\u3001\u8001\u673d\u5316\u306e\u5ea6\u5408\u3044\u306f\u5168\u56fd\u5e73\u5747\u3067\u7d0456%\u304b\u3089\u7d0463%\u3068\u306a\u308a\u3001\u7dad\u6301\u88dc\u4fee\u3084\u66f4\u65b0\u304c\u8ffd\u3044\u4ed8\u3044\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3002\u5404\u5e74\u5ea6\u3067\u6700\u3082\u8001\u673d\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u306e\u5024\u3082\u7d0474%\u304b\u3089\u7d0479%\u306b\u3001\u6700\u3082\u5065\u5168\u306a\u81ea\u6cbb\u4f53\u306e\u5024\u3082\u7d0441%\u304b\u3089\u7d0448%\u306b\u60aa\u5316\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u65e5\u672c\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u30b9\u30c8\u30c3\u30af\u306e\u7dcf\u91cf\u306f\u62e1\u5927\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3001\u65e2\u5b58\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u306e\u5065\u5168\u5316\u306b\u56de\u3059\u8ca1\u6e90\u3092\u5236\u7d04\u3057\u3001\u4e8b\u5f8c\u7684\u306b\u306f\u7dad\u6301\u88dc\u4fee\u3084\u4eba\u6750\u78ba\u4fdd\u306e\u8ca0\u62c5\u3092\u91cd\u304f\u3059\u308b\u3002\u4eba\u53e3\u6e1b\u5c11\u4e0b\u3067\u3001\u5065\u5168\u306a\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u3092\u5099\u3048\u305f\u793e\u4f1a\u3092\u3069\u3046\u5b9f\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u304b\u3002\u65e2\u5b58\u30a4\u30f3\u30d5\u30e9\u306e\u7dad\u6301\u88dc\u4fee\u30fb\u9577\u5bff\u547d\u5316\u30fb\u96c6\u7d04\u5316\u30fb\u53b3\u9078\u5316\u306a\u3069\u3001\u30e1\u30f3\u30c6\u30ca\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u52b9\u7387\u7684\u304b\u3064\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306b\u9032\u3081\u308b\u653f\u7b56\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002Naruki Notsu\uff08DP\uff09Naruki Notsu, Asahi Semma, Shuko Harada\u201cComplete Loss of Competition: Uncontested Elections and Political Rents\u201d *Revised: Complete Loss of Competition: Uncontested Elections and Political Rents (DP-2025-E-004, September 17, 2025) , OSIPP Discussion Paper: DP-2025-E-004-Rev. (April 20, 2026)https:\/\/www.osipp.osaka-u.ac.jp\/archives\/DP\/2025\/DP2025E004Rev.pdfAbstract: This study examines how the complete absence of electoral competition shapes politicians' behavior in a democracy. To explore this, we focus on uncontested elections, which are common in democracies worldwide yet are understudied. We develop a dynamic model with belief updating in which politicians elected unopposed lower their perceived risk of future challenges and raise their optimal salary. We test these predictions using the context of Japan's uncontested elections, which operate within a common institutional framework. We find that mayors who win office without a contest subsequently increase their salaries. The salary response is largest after the first uncontested win and smaller thereafter, consistent with learning and belief convergence in the model. These findings suggest that when visible public conflict\u2014such as the presence of other candidates\u2014is absent, politicians are more likely to seek personal gain, highlighting the fundamental role of elections in disciplining officeholders."}